Post-liver transplant mycotic aneurysm of the hepatic artery.

Background: Mycotic aneurysm of the hepatic artery is a rare complication of liver transplantation, occurring in 0% to 3% of patients and having a mortality of around 30%. We present a unique report of mycotic aneurysms of the hepatic artery following liver transplantation in children.

Results: A chart review of the 194 patients who underwent a liver transplantation over a 21-year period revealed 2 patients who developed a mycotic aneurysm of the hepatic artery. The first patient died due to rupture prior to diagnosis. The second patient was treated successfully using radiological coil embolization, followed by surgical excision with hepatic artery ligation and antibiotic therapy.

Conclusions: Early diagnosis and prompt multidisciplinary treatment is crucial to optimize treatment in this condition.