Is therapy with calcium and vitamin D and parathyroid autotransplantation useful in total thyroidectomy for preventing hypocalcemia?

Background: Routine calcium and vitamin D administration and routine autotransplantation of parathyroid glands can prevent hypocalcemia after total thyroidectomy.

Methods: Routine autotransplantation of 1 or more parathyroid glands and oral calcium and vitamin D supplementation was used in 252 patients.

Results: One, 2, or 3 parathyroid glands were autotransplanted in 223, 27, and 2 patients, respectively. Routine oral calcium and vitamin D was administered in postoperative period in all patients. Postoperative hypocalcemia occurred in 17%, of whom 1.6% had minor symptoms related to hypocalcemia. No patient developed permanent hypocalcemia during the follow-up period. The postoperative stay was 1 day in 93.6% of the cases. The incidence of postoperative hypocalcemia and hospital stay was higher in patients who underwent autotransplantation of more than 1 parathyroid gland.

Conclusions: Routine oral calcium and vitamin D supplementation and autotransplantation of at least 1 parathyroid gland effectively reduced symptomatic hypocalcemia and permanent hypoparathyroidism in total thyroidectomy.