Radiculomegaly of permanent canines: report of endodontic treatment in OFCD syndrome.

Objective: To present a case describing the endodontic treatment of a permanent canine with radiculomegaly and to draw the attention of the endodontic community to this rare anomaly.

Conclusions: Oculo-facio-cardio-dental (OFCD) syndrome is a rare X-linked dominant syndrome characterized by canine teeth with extremely large roots (radiculomegaly), dental abnormalities, congenital cataracts, dysmorphic facial features and congenital heart disease. The diagnosis of this syndrome is difficult. Unique and specific symptoms, which can be diagnosed by an endodontist or a general dentist, are present in the dental, skeletal, ocular and cardiac structures. Worldwide, only 20 cases of this syndrome have been reported to date. The patient presented in this study was a 17-years-old girl with a mandibular right canine (47.5mm) tooth with two canals. Conclusions:   •  Clinicians should be aware of anatomical variations in cases with OFCD syndrome. •  Root canal treatment in such cases is challenging. •  In general, the majority of mandibular canines have one root and root canal, but 15% may have two canals, and a smaller number may have two distinct roots.