Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor producing squamous cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis: a case report

We report a case of granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF)-producing squamous cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis. A 71‒year-old woman presented with gross hematuria and leucocytosis of 21,300/mm3 (neutrophil : 86%) in the peripheral blood, but with no focus of infection. Right renal pelvic mass was found at a nearby hospital and she was referred to our hospital for examination and treatment. We performed right nephroureterectomy for a right renal pelvic tumor. Hematoxylin-eosin staining revealed squamous cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis and tumor cells stained strongly positive for G-CSF. According to these histopathological findings, we diagnosed this case as G-CSF-producing squamous cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis. She is presently alive without any new recurrent lesions for 12 months.