An intraosseous malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor of the cervical spine: a case report and review of the literature.

Methods: Case description. Objective: To report a rare case of intraosseous malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST), and review the pertinent medical literature.

Background: The spinal MPNST that develops from spinal nerve roots and secondary bony erosion is well-known entity. However, primary intraosseous MPNSTs of the spine are extremely rare.

Methods: A 41-year-old male presented with a 1-month history of radiating pain to his right shoulder and arm. Magnetic resonance images showed a large extradural mass extending from C6 to T1 with destruction of the posterior elements of C6, C7, and T1. Complete excision of the tumor and posterior stabilization were performed through a posterior approach. The tumor was noted to originate from the posterior element of C7.

Results: The histopathology was diagnostic for a MPNST. Adjuvant chemotherapy was administered after surgery. The patient remained symptom-free for 30 months after surgery without local recurrence or metastasis.

Conclusions: We report an intraosseous MPNST of the cervical spine. Complete surgical excision and adjuvant chemotherapy resulted in a good functional outcome. MPNST should be added to the differential diagnosis of primary bone tumors causing spinal cord compression.