Primary ovarian leiomyosarcoma.

Background: Primary ovarian leiomyosarcoma is an extremely rare subtype of ovarian sarcomas. It most commonly occurs in postmenopausal women and has unfavorable prognosis.

Methods: The patient, a 58-year-old postmenopausal woman, presented with a complaint of abdominal pain. Preoperative examination revealed an intraabdominal mass 25 x 17 x 14 cm in the right adnexa. She underwent bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, total omentectomy, appendectomy and bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy. The histopathology revealed leiomyosarcoma of the right ovary Stage Ia. She did not receive any postoperative adjuvant therapy. Follow-up 21 months after initial surgery, showed no evidence of recurrence.

Conclusions: Additional studies are needed to understand more about the nature, clinical behavior and treatment of this very rare tumor.