Feasibility and safety of EUS-guided transgastric/transduodenal gallbladder drainage with single-step placement of a modified covered self-expandable metal stent in patients unsuitable for cholecystectomy.
Background: Although early laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the treatment of choice for patients with acute cholecystitis, percutaneous cholecystostomy has been performed in patients unsuitable for cholecystectomy. EUS-guided transgastric/transduodenal gallbladder drainage by using a plastic stent and/or nasobiliary drainage may be an alternative effective treatment for these patients, but bile leakage into the peritoneal space causing bile peritonitis is not uncommon during placement of a plastic stent.
Objective: To evaluate the technical feasibility and safety of EUS-guided transgastric/transduodenal gallbladder drainage with single-step placement of a modified covered self-expandable metal stent (CSEMS) in patients with acute cholecystitis who are unsuitable for cholecystectomy.
Methods: Prospective feasibility study. Methods: Tertiary-care referral center. Methods: This study involved 15 patients with acute cholecystitis who did not respond to initial medical treatment and were unsuitable for cholecystectomy. Methods: EUS-guided transgastric/transduodenal gallbladder drainage with single-step placement of a modified CSEMS. Methods: Technical success, functional success, complications associated with the placement of a metal stent, and recurrence of acute cholecystitis.
Results: Modified CSEMSs were successfully placed in all patients through the stomach (n = 10) or duodenum (n = 5). All patients achieved functional success within 3 days of metal stent placement. Pneumoperitoneum occurred in two patients during or after the procedure, but both patients improved with conservative management. During follow-up (median 145 days, range 60-297 days), no patient experienced recurrent cholecystitis.
Conclusions: Small patient population without long-term follow-up. Conclusions: Placement of a modified CSEMS after EUS-guided transgastric/transduodenal gallbladder drainage may be a feasible and safe alternative to treatments such as percutaneous cholecystostomy in patients with acute cholecystitis who are unsuitable for cholecystectomy.