Treatment strategy for stage I testicular germ cell tumor

Most stage I testicular germ cell tumors are curable by orchiectomy alone. However, some tumors recur and require subsequent treatment. The point for the management of stage I testicular germ cell tumors is how to reduce the recurrence rate by appropriate adjuvant treatment with less adverse events. The strategy for stage I seminoma and stage I nonseminoma is different. The adjuvant treatment options include radiotherapy and 1-2 courses of carboplatin for seminoma and retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) and 1-2 courses of bleomycin, etoposide and cisplatin chemotherapy for nonseminoma. This review discusses recent literature on adjuvant treatment and updates the consensus for the management of stage I testicular germ cell tumor.