Septic thrombophlebitis of the portal vein due to acute cholecystitis.

Background: pylephlebitis is a rare complication of intraabdominal infections. Clinical presentation can be varied; therefore, it is necessary to carry out imaging tests for diagnosis. The treatment of choice is wide-spectrum antibiotic therapy and surgery for the source of infection.

Methods: we report the case of a female with acute abdomen who was diagnosed with acute cholecystitis and right portal vein thrombosis. The patient underwent surgery and antibiotic treatment was necessary. CT scan showed hepatic infarction secondary to portal thrombosis.

Conclusions: pylephlebitis presents high mortality rates without treatment; therefore, early diagnosis is necessary in order to initiate appropriate medical and surgical treatment.