Incidental renocolic fistula with xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis.

Background: We report the case of a 66-year-old female undergoing elective nephrectomy for a non-functioning kidney in whom an incidental renocolic fistula was detected.

Methods: She presented with recurrent urinary tract infections and left flank pain. Investigations revealed a nonfunctioning left kidney with a large staghorn calculus and features suggestive of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis (XPG). At nephrectomy, an incidental renocolic fistula was found and excised.

Conclusions: XGP is a rare, chronic inflammatory disorder of the kidney characterized by a destructive mass invading the renal parenchyma. Renocolic fistulae complicating XGP are uncommon and not widely reported in the literature. Conclusions: Herein, we describe a case of XGP with renocolic fistula formation, its management and a review of the literature.