Management of testicular teratoma: update by the Oncology Committee of the French Urology Association, section of External Genital Organs (CCAFU-OGE)

Background: The objective of this article was to focus on the pathological, clinical and therapeutic aspects of the different forms of testicular teratoma in adults.

Methods: The multidisciplinary working group has conducted a literature search on Pubmed with keywords: adult teratoma; malignant transformation; growing teratoma; chemotherapy; surgery with focus on the different forms of adult testicular teratoma.

Results: Teratomas of the adults are malignant and subdivided into localized and metastatic forms that may be distinguished under exclusive teratoma form, growing teratoma or teratoma with malignant transformation. The management is based on an enlarged surgical excision (testis and metastasis) with, in metastatic forms, a chemotherapy adjusted with histology. Extended follow-up beyond 10 years is necessary because of the risk of late relapse.

Conclusions: Testicular teratoma is a rare tumor, which is considered malignant with a potential of metastasis. The treatment is based mainly on surgical management.