Carotid artery stenting: it's all about appropriate patient selection and keeping to the indications.

With increasing carotid artery stenting (CAS) expertise and improved CAS equipment, recent trials have demonstrated better results for CAS compared with earlier studies. As a result, it may be argued that CAS is currently non-inferior to carotid endarterectomy (CEA), at least in some patient subgroups. Consequently, there have been recent calls for extending CAS indications to include average surgical risk patients with symptomatic or asymptomatic carotid stenosis. However, CAS remains a less cost-effective option than CEA. Opening the floodgates to unrestricted CAS for both symptomatic and asymptomatic carotid patients would have considerable cost implications for any health system. Appropriate patient selection and keeping to the indications are crucial to optimize CAS outcomes.