Current and emerging drug options in the treatment of diarrhea predominant irritable bowel syndrome.

Background: Irritable bowel syndrome diarrhea predominant (IBS-D) is a highly prevalent GI disease, affecting nearly a third of all patients diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome. Current treatment options are limited.

Methods: This review discusses the pharmacotherapeutic options for IBS-D including currently used medications, the two newly FDA approved medications, as well as emerging therapies with potential benefit in IBS-D. Particular emphasis is placed on rifaximin and eluxadoline and their possible use in IBS-D.

Conclusions: Current pharmacological treatment of IBS-D includes loperamide, bile acid sequestrants, antispasmodics, tricyclic antidepressants, alosetron, eluxadoline and rifaximin. The latter two treatments have significantly added to the pharmacotherapeutic options for patients suffering from IBS-D.