Congenital nasal pyriform aperture stenosis 5.7 mm or less is associated with surgical intervention: A pooled case series.

Objective: Congenital nasal pyriform aperture stenosis (CNPAS) is a rare cause of upper airway obstruction in the newborn. CNPAS is diagnosed clinically and confirmed with CT scanning. Early diagnosis and management is essential for this potentially life-threatening condition. Patients can be managed conservatively or surgically. Surgical treatment is usually reserved for those patients that fail conservative treatment. Our objective was to provide a radiologically-measured pyriform aperture (PA) width that predicts the need for surgical intervention.

Methods: This study was a retrospective chart review of patients treated in a tertiary paediatric hospital as well as a review of the literature. Outcome measures were defined as surgical or conservative intervention for the management of congenital pyriform aperture stenosis.

Results: Data from 26 individual patients (7 patients from our own case series and 19 patients from previously published reports) was analysed to calculate those patients requiring surgical intervention.

Conclusions: A PA width of less than 5.7 mm in a neonate is 88% sensitive and specific in predicting that a patient will require surgical intervention.