Complex regulation of the sirtuin-dependent reversible lysine acetylation system of Salmonella enterica.

The extensive involvement of the reversible lysine acylation (RLA) system in metabolism has attracted the attention of investigators interested in understanding the fundamentals of prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell function. Research in this area of cell physiology is diverse, ranging from probing the molecular bases of human diseases, to optimizing engineered metabolic pathways for biotechnological applications, to advancing our understanding of fundamental cellular processes, among others. A gap of knowledge exists in our understanding of the regulatory circuitry that integrates the expression of genes encoding modifiers (i.e., acyltransferases) and demodifiers (i.e., deacylases) with the expression of genes encoding known targets of the system. Here we discuss the implications of recently reported work performed in the enteropathogen Salmonella enterica (mBio (2015) 6(4):e00891-15), which provided the first insights into the integration of the transcriptional regulation of genes encoding the RLA system with the acs gene encoding the central metabolic enzyme acetyl-CoA synthetase (Acs).