Targeting PP2A activates AMPK signaling to inhibit colorectal cancer cells.

LB-100 is a novel PP2A inhibitor. Its activity in human colorectal cancer (CRC) cells was tested. The in vitro studies demonstrated that LB-100 inhibited survival and proliferation of both established CRC cells (HCT-116 and HT-29 lines) and primary human colon cancer cells. Further, LB-100 activated apoptosis and induced G1-S cell cycle arrest in CRC cells. LB-100 inhibited PP2A activity and activated AMPK signaling in CRC cells. AMPKα1 dominant negative mutation, shRNA-mediated knockdown or complete knockout (by CRISPR/Cas9 method) largely attenuated LB-100-induced AMPK activation and HCT-116 cytotoxicity. Notably, microRNA-17-92-mediated silence of PP2A (regulatory B subunit) also activated AMPK and induced HCT-116 cell death. Such effects were again largely attenuated by AMPKα mutation, silence or complete knockout. In vivo studies showed that intraperitoneal injection of LB-100 inhibited HCT-116 xenograft growth in nude mice. Its anti-tumor activity was largely compromised against HCT-116 tumors-derived from AMPKα1-knockout cells. We conclude that targeting PP2A by LB-100 and microRNA-17-92 activates AMPK signaling to inhibit CRC cells.