Distal Stent Graft-Induced New Entry After TEVAR of Type B Aortic Dissection: Experience in 15 Years.

Background: Experience is limited with distal stent graft-induced new entry (SINE) after thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEVAR) of type B dissection (TBAD). We report the management strategy and outcomes in such patients.

Methods: Clinical data were analyzed for 95 patients (age, 53.2 ± 10.9 years; 82 men) who presented with distal SINE after TEVAR for TBAD.

Results: Follow-up was 100% for 7.2 ± 3 years after primary TEVAR. Distal SINE occurred at a mean of 2.7 ± 2.4 years. Re-TEVAR was performed for 78, with routine stent grafts in 64 and a more tapered graft in 14. Three patients were managed surgically and 14 medically. Two patients died after re-TEVAR. During follow-up at 5.8 ± 2.9 years, late death occurred in 19 patients, 7 with medical therapy and 12 with re-TEVAR. Distal SINE recurred in 11 at 3.5 ± 1.7 years after re-TEVAR. Reintervention significantly improved survival up to 8 years compared with medical therapy (88.3% vs 63.5%, p = 0.001). In 64 patients with routine stent grafts, mortality was 24%, distal SINE recurred in 20%, and recurrence-free survival was 56% at 6 years. Neither death nor recurrence of SINE occurred in 14 patients with a more tapered stent graft. Predictors for distal SINE after primary TEVAR were stent graft length (hazard ratio, 0.984; p = 0.037) and chronic phase (hazard ratio, 1.725; p = 0.049).

Conclusions: In TBAD patients with distal SINE after TEVAR, reintervention with re-TEVAR could improve long-term survival significantly. Recurrence of distal SINE was high after re-TEVAR using routine stent grafts. More tapered stent grafts may be helpful in preventing the recurrence of distal SINE.