Helicobacter pylori Eradication Regressed Gastric Hyperplastic Polyp: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Helicobacter pylori infection and hyperplastic polyp are known to have strong connections, but there are not enough randomized controlled trial data.

Aims: To evaluate the effect of H. pylori eradication on gastric hyperplastic polyp. Method: This is an open-labeled, single-center, randomized controlled trial. Patients with hyperplastic polyp and current infection of H. pylori were randomly assigned to eradication or non-eradication groups. All participants underwent follow-up endoscopy to investigate the regression of gastric polyps. Gastric polyp regression was defined as the disappearance of polyps or a reduction of more than 50% in size.

Results: Thirty-two patients were randomized to eradication (n = 17) and non-eradication groups (n = 15). Final included patients were 14 in eradication group and 13 in non-eradication group. All patients showed polyp regression in eradication group, whereas no regression was observed in non-eradication group (P < 0.001). Disappearance of polyp (n = 7) and decrease in size (n = 7) were observed in eradication group. In non-eradication group, no change (n = 5), increase of size (n = 5), and increase of number (n = 3) were observed. Mean regression time was 6.8 months, and disappearance time was 9.8 months. In non-eradication group, hyperglycemia was noted in 50% of progression group but not noted in no change group (P = 0.057).

Conclusions: H. pylori eradication induced regression of hyperplastic polyp, and persistent H. pylori infection was related to progression of gastric polyp. Clinical trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT03065868.