Neuroanatomy and Imaging Assessment in Traumatic Brain Injury.

Concussion is a common injury in childhood with an estimated 1.4 million children sustaining concussions annually in the United States. While many concussions occur in the sports and recreation setting, it is important to recognize that non-sports and recreation activities are also common causes of concussion in childhood. Since neurologic projections associated with the afferent and efferent visual system are widely distributed throughout the brain and thought to comprise over 50% of brain function, it is not surprising that the diffuse sear injury associated with concussion often produces visual dysfunction. This review will concentrate on the efferent visual motor pathways that may be affected in concussion.