A Case of Effective Chemoradiotherapy for the Treatment of Distant Recurrence of Squamous Cell Carcinoma in the Anal Canal

A 75-year-old woman diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma of the anal canal was treated using chemoradiotherapy and revealed a complete response to the tumor. After 6 months of treatment, swollen para-aortic lymph nodes were found to develop. The patient received the same regimen of chemoradiotherapy again, resulting in lymph node disappearance. However, 2 months later, PET-CT revealed accumulation of FDG in the axillary and cervical lymph nodes. Chemoradiotherapy was performed for the third time. Swollen lymph nodes were found to disappear. After 12 months, para-aortic, axillary, and cervical lymph nodes developed, following which she received BSC; subsequently, she died after 38 months of the carcinoma diagnosis.