Prosthetic valve endocarditis: Literally a growing concern following transcatheter aortic valve replacement.

Prosthetic valve endocarditis (PVE) following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) in low surgical risk patients is uncommon, occurring in 11 of 396 patients (2.8%) in the study by Medranda et al., but associated with high morbidity (6 of 11 with embolic strokes [55%]) and mortality (2 of 11 [18%]). As TAVR volumes increase, especially in low surgical risk patients, whose long-term outcomes are generally excellent, PVE will become an increasingly important concern. Future research is needed to identify optimal strategies for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of PVE associated with TAVR.