Effect of early preventive use of caffeine citrate on prevention together with treatment of BPD within premature infants and its influence on inflammatory factors.

Objective: To explore caffeine citrate prophylactic and therapeutic influences upon broncho-pulmonary dysplasia (BPD) within premature infants and its influence on inflammatory factors.

Methods: A total of 128 premature infants from January 2021 to June 2022 were investigated, segregated within control group and observation group through randomized number table protocol, having 64 cases per group.

Results: Effective rate of observation group was elevated in comparison to control group (95.31% versus 84.38%, P < 0.05). The number of apnea of prematurity (AOP) in observation group was reduced in comparison to control group, while duration of auxiliary ventilation together with hospitalization days were reduced in comparison to control group (P < 0.05). Post-therapy, matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and Toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4) were downregulated within observation group, while scorings for psychomotor development index (PDI) and mental development index (MDI) in observation group were elevated in comparison to control group (P < 0.05). Weight-gain rate and growth rate of body length within observation group was elevated in comparison to control group (P < 0.05). Post-therapy, work of breathing (WOB) and airway resistance (Raw) within observation group were lower compared to control group, while respiratory system compliance (Crs) was elevated in comparison to control group (P < 0.05). Occurrences of broncho-pulmonary dysplasia (BPD) within observation group was reduced in comparison to control group (P < 0.05).

Conclusions: Early prophylactic use of caffeine citrate can effectively reduce the incidence of BPD in premature infants.