Left ventricular apical hypertrophy emerged from the fourth-year post heart transplantation: Case report and literature review.

Apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (AHCM) is a relatively rare phenotype of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, which is characterized by focal thickening of the left ventricular (LV) apical myocardium, showing a spade-shaped shadow on the left ventricle. We present the case of a 59-year-old man who was found to have AHCM, is an asymptomatic orthotopic heart transplantation (HTx) patient. This rare and progressive case of LV apical hypertrophy emerged from the fourth year post surgery. We analyzed the etiology of this case and summarized the clinical manifestations and prognosis of AHCM following HTx by reviewing our case and the literature.