Free Superficial Circumflex Iliac Artery/Superficial Inferior Epigastric Artery Adipofascial Flaps for Facial Reconstruction of Linear Scleroderma.

Background: Linear scleroderma is an autoimmune connective disorder characterized by a saber-shaped facial deformity. The superficial circumflex iliac artery/superficial inferior epigastric artery (SCIA/SIEA) adipofascial flap is versatile for facial reconstruction, providing excellent aesthetic outcomes and minimal donor-site morbidity. Thus, this study aimed to share our experience of successfully treating linear scleroderma using single-stage SCIA/SIEA adipofascial flap microsurgery transplantation.

Methods: To correct asymmetric facial malformations, the SCIA/SIEA adipofascial flap transplantation was performed on 5 individuals with linear scleroderma. The flap was harvested based on SCIA or SIEA patterns and diameters. Donor and recipient vessels, postoperative complications, aesthetic outcomes, and patient satisfaction were recorded.

Results: All flaps survived with zero necrosis. Regarding the donor artery, SIEA was performed on 1 patient (1 of 5) and SCIA on 2 patients (2 of 5), and the remaining 2 patients (2 of 5) used the common trunk. Patients maintained a satisfactory facial counter-correction 6 to 10 years postoperatively. The complications included localized desquamate and hypotrichosis.

Conclusions: Free SCIA/SIEA adipofascial flaps improved facial linear scleroderma's long-term functional and morphological outcomes. This SCIA/SIEA adipofascial flap offers low mortality, invisible scars, and stable aesthetic outcomes compared with anterolateral thigh flap, parascapular flaps, and fat transplantation.