Invasive mucinous urachal adenocarcinoma: A case report of surgical management and insights from the literature.

Urachal carcinoma (UrC) is a rare bladder malignancy originating from the urachus. Comprising around 90 % adenocarcinomas, most cases are invasive. Urachal adenocarcinoma is less common than its non-urachal counterpart and is recognized for its aggressive nature, often diagnosed at advanced stages with a poor prognosis. Early stages typically present as asymptomatic, making timely diagnosis challenging.

Methods: We present the case of a 58-year-old female who exhibited painless hematuria, leading to further investigation. The definitive diagnosis of invasive mucinous urachal adenocarcinoma was established through cystoscopy and transurethral resection of bladder tumor (TURBT). Surgical intervention was undertaken to manage the condition. The gold standard treatment for muscle-invasive UrC is radical cystectomy. This case underscores the importance of recognizing urinary symptoms and utilizing appropriate diagnostic procedures to identify this rare malignancy early. The surgical approach is crucial in improving patient outcomes, especially in advanced cases.

Conclusions: Invasive mucinous urachal adenocarcinoma is a rare but aggressive cancer that requires prompt diagnosis and intervention. Surgical management proved effective in this case, emphasizing the need for awareness and regular follow-up in patients to monitor for recurrence.