Pediatric Transplant Surgeons' Perspectives on Palliative Care for Children With Chronic Kidney Disease: A National Cross-Sectional Survey.

Background: Some adult transplant surgeons consider transplant to be contraindicated in patients receiving palliative care (PC). Little is known about pediatric transplant surgeons' attitudes toward PC. We sought to ascertain pediatric kidney transplant surgeons' perspectives regarding the routine integration of PC for children with chronic kidney disease.

Methods: We administered a cross-sectional web-based survey to members of the American Society of Transplant Surgeons listserv in summer 2021. We adapted the survey from the previously validated Provider Survey about Palliative Care for Children with Heart Disease and pretested it with representative kidney transplant surgeons, nephrologists, and PC physicians; queries related to PC included institutional and personal experience, knowledge, and education. Data were summarized descriptively.

Results: There were 21 participants. Over half of the respondents were white (57%) males (62%), practicing in urban, academic centers (94%). Although 67% of the participants practiced in an institution with a subspecialty PC team, 24% were unsure if such a team existed in their institution. A minority (19%) perceived PC consultation and kidney transplant to be mutually exclusive. Most surgeons (86%) believed that PC should not be restricted to when a child is dying, and 59% reported that PC consultation should happen at diagnosis for life-threatening conditions. However, surgeons indicated that PC consultation is rarely utilized for pediatric kidney transplant recipients. Transplant surgeons expressed a desire for additional PC-focused training and willingness to engage in additional education.

Conclusions: Although a minority of pediatric transplant surgeons perceived PC to be contraindicated for kidney transplant, most indicated openness to PC engagement for their patients.