Clinical outcome and pattern of care for isolated or incidental serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma: a multicenter retrospective cohort study.

Objective: Serous tubal intraepithelial carcinoma (STIC), a potential precursor of high-grade serous carcinoma, is associated with subsequent carcinomas development. This study aimed to identify cases of STIC and serous tubal intraepithelial lesions (STIL) and examine clinical outcomes and patterns of care in BRCA1/2 mutations carriers undergoing risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (RRSO), as well as patients with incidental STIC/STIL after benign gynecologic surgery.

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted at six institutions to examine patients with isolated STIC/STIL. Demographic, adjuvant treatment, and follow-up data were collected from the date of implementation of Sectioning and Extensively Examining the Fimbriated end protocol, which varied from 2006 to 2015, until December 2022.

Results: We analyzed the data of 1,119 women who underwent RRSO and were carriers of BRCA1/2 mutations. The detection rate of isolated STIC/STIL was 1.70%. No patient with STIC/STIL received adjuvant chemotherapy or staging operations. The institutions used different surveillance intervals and methods, with the most common being a 3-6 month interval (11 of 19 patients) and gynecological sonography (17 of 19 patients). All patients remained with no evidence of disease (NED) throughout the follow-up period (2-121 months). Additionally, we analyzed data from five women with incidental STIC/STIL diagnosed after benign gynecological surgery; one woman underwent staging surgery. During the follow-up period (3-46 months), all patients remained in NED.

Conclusions: While patient monitoring after STIC/STIL detection may be considered due to the minimal risk of carcinoma, excessive concern may not be necessary. Furthermore, adjuvant chemotherapy should be considered only with caution.