Surgical Management of Pregnant Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Pelvic surgery for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can reduce fertility. Pregnant women with IBD have higher rates of pregnancy loss and adverse outcomes. Awareness of these factors and adequate multidisciplinary monitoring throughout these high-risk pregnancies is important. Surgeons may need to manage stoma complications, assist in cesarean delivery, or even operate for severe flares or obstruction during pregnancy. In experienced hands and with adequate support from maternal fetal medicine, surgery can be safely performed in any trimester. Overall, the greatest risk to the mother and fetus remains active disease, not the medical and surgical therapies used to treat it.