Analysis of 12 Pathogens in surveillance cases of febrile respiratory syndrome in Daxing district of Beijing City from 2018 to 2023

A total of 1 557 cases were included in the Febrile Respiratory Syndrome (FRS) surveillance conducted in Daxing District between 2018 and 2023. Twelve respiratory pathogens were investigated: human influenza virus (HIFV), human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV), human parainfluenza virus (HPIV), human rhinovirus (HRV), human enterovirus (HEV), human adenovirus (HadV), human metapneumovirus (HMPV), human bocavirus (HBoV), Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP), Chlamydia pneumoniae (CP), human coronavirus (HCoV), and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Results demonstrated an overall pathogen detection rate of 25.31% (394/1 557), with descending prevalence as follows: HIFV, SARS-CoV-2, HRV, HPIV, MP, HCoV, HRSV, HEV, HMPV, HadV, HBoV, and CP. Temporal analysis revealed detection rates of 26.98% (150/556) for 2018-2019, 15.81% (95/601) for 2020-2022, and 37.25% (149/400) for 2023, showing statistically significant interannual variation (χ²=59.703, P<0.001). Compared with 2018-2019, 2023 exhibited significantly elevated detection rates for HIFV and HMPV (P<0.05), while HRV, MP, HEV, and HBoV demonstrated significantly reduced rates (P<0.05). Age-stratified analysis identified HIFV, HRSV, and HadV as the predominant pathogens in individuals aged <15 years, whereas SARS-CoV-2, HIFV, and HRV predominated in those aged ≥60 years.