National protocol for diagnosis and treatment of Coats disease: Summary for attending and primary care physicians

Coats disease (ORPHA:190) is a rare retinal disorder characterized by variable clinical presentation and severity, often leading to diagnostic delays and potentially causing both functional and anatomic consequences for the affected eye. Early detection and treatment are essential for a favorable prognosis and to prevent delays in addressing differential diagnoses, with retinoblastoma, the most common malignant ocular tumor in children, being the most critical concern. The objective of this National Diagnosis and Treatment Protocol (PNDS) is to present the optimal current diagnostic and therapeutic management strategies to the involved healthcare professionals, as well as the care pathway for patients requiring treatment for Coats disease. It aims to optimize and standardize the management of this rare condition across the entire country. The key diagnostic, treatment, and follow-up options will be reviewed to establish best practice recommendations.