The role of NLRP3 inflammasome in necrotizing enterocolitis.

This review explores the association between the NOD-like receptor pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasomes and necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in neonates. It underscores the role of NLRP3 inflammasome overactivation in NEC pathogenesis and proposes that inhibiting NLRP3 inflammasome activation may improve therapeutic benefits. This review examines various strategies to inhibit NLRP3 inflammasome activation, detailing their pharmacological mechanisms. IMPACT: The aim of this review is to discuss the role of NLRP3 inflammasome in the progression of NEC. Abnormal NLRP3 inflammasome activation in patients with NEC and experimental models. Molecules and proteins have been identified as regulators of NLRP3 inflammasome activity, offering avenues for NEC treatment. The NLRP3 inflammasome is a key contributor to NEC. Novel NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors are the focus of the development of NEC therapeutics.