New-Onset Dupuytren After Surgical Treatment of Carpal Tunnel and Trigger Finger.

Background: Dupuytren disease is a progressive fibrotic condition of the hand that often leads to contractures. Although its etiology remains multifactorial, recent studies suggest potential associations with surgical interventions for carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) and trigger finger (TF). Understanding the incidence and risk factors for Dupuytren disease development following these procedures may improve postoperative management and early detection.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on 426 patients who underwent surgical treatment for CTS or TF. The incidence of Dupuytren disease development postsurgery was assessed, and data on demographics, comorbidities, occupational factors, and type of surgery were collected. Statistical analysis, including odds ratio (OR) calculations, was used to identify risk factors associated with Dupuytren disease onset.

Results: Seven percent of the study population developed new-onset Dupuytren disease within an average of 15.2 weeks postsurgery, with most cases presenting as early-stage nodule formation. The fourth digit was most commonly affected (73.3%). Significant associations were observed between Dupuytren disease onset and comorbidities, such as rheumatoid arthritis (OR = 3.24) and shoulder capsulitis (OR = 9.7), as well as occupational factors like manual labor and vibration exposure (OR = 2.45). Patients treated for TF had a 2.3-fold higher risk of developing Dupuytren disease compared with those treated for CTS.

Conclusions: The findings highlight the potential for Dupuytren disease development following CTS and TF surgeries, emphasizing the need for proactive monitoring of at-risk patients. Further research is warranted to explore underlying mechanisms and optimize preventive and management strategies for this patient population.