Unlocking the Power of Dalbergia sissoo Leaves: Ethanolic Extracts for Antibacterial, Antioxidant and Anticorrosion Properties.

Medicinal plants have been studied extensively for their bioactive compounds and the therapeutic benefits, they exhibit to treat different diseases and industrial applications. The Fabaceae family, which includes Dalbergia sissoo, has lots of medicinal properties and has been used to treat syphilis, diarrhea, skin infections, and cardiovascular disorders. In the present study, we report on the phytochemical composition and bioactive potential of leaf extracts of D. sissoo using ethanol, methanol, and distilled water as solvents. Chemical analysis of the extracts included the determination of Total Phenolic Content (TPC), Total Flavonoid Content (TFC), Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis. The antimicrobial and anticorrosive properties were evaluated using agar well diffusion and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy assays, respectively. Results showed that the ethanolic extract had a more significant number of primary and secondary metabolites present in it, containing saponins, tannins, polysaccharides, terpenoids, glycosides, and amino acids, with superior TPC (42.39 mg GAE/g) and TFC (39.31 mg QE/g) than methanol (TPC: 40.92 mg GAE/g, TFC: 35.64 mg QE/g), and distilled water (TPC: 25.04 mg GAE/g, TFC: 22.11 mg QE/g). The lowest IC50 values provided by the antioxidant assays were found with ethanol extract (562.21 µg/mL, DPPH; 225 µg/mL, ABTS)  scavenging.