Drug-induced syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). Review of literature

The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) is caused by an incapacity of plasmatic hypotonia to inhibit antidiuretic hormone (ADH) secretion. This phenomenon leads to a water retention and an expanded extracellular fluid volume, and secondary to a dilution of plasmatic sodium and also to a renal loss of sodium. The SIADH is a relatively rare syndrome, which may occur in various circumstances: central nervous system diseases, cancers, infections... Sometimes, it may be observed as a drug-related side effect: carbamazepine, chlorpropamide, antidepressors, anticancer drugs are particularly involved.