Intratumoral Rathke's Cleft Cyst Remnants Within Craniopharyngioma, Pituitary Adenoma, Suprasellar Dermoid, and Epidermoid Cysts: A Ubiquitous Signature of Ectodermal Lineage or a Transitional Entity?
Background: The authors present cystic epithelial masses in the suprasellar region which on histopathology revealed 4 mixed tumors having simple cuboidal epithelium of Rathke's Cleft Cyst (RCC) elements trapped within pituitary adenoma, epidermoid cyst, dermoid cyst, and papillary craniopharyngioma respectively.
Objective: To highlight the developmental theory of ectodermal continuum in the realm of suprasellar epithelial cystic lesions and examines the cardinal aspects that distinguish RCC from its confounder, ciliary craniopharyngioma.
Methods: The authors performed a medical chart review on 4 patients who had coexisting RCC with craniopharyngioma, pituitary adenoma, suprasellar dermoid, and epidermoid cysts.
Results: This series of unique suprasellar lesions elucidate the spectrum of cases from Rathke's cyst to other suprasellar epithelial cysts including a recently identified clinical entity called ciliary craniopharyngioma, which authors feel is a misnomer. The authors also report the first case of ruptured dermoid cyst admixed with elements of Rathke's cyst elements and xanthogranuloma in neurosurgical literature.
Conclusion: We propose that the new entity of ciliary craniopharyngioma could be just another variant of RCC elements nested within a typical papillary or adamantinomatous lesion. Further study is warranted to understand the implications of natural history with tumors containing RCC elements.