Chronic ischemia in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD) represents a common medical problem. Neuropathic changes and pain caused by chronic ischemia are often found in the lower extremities of these patients. Pain in patients with chronic critical limb ischemia fulfill the criteria of neuropathic pain. Diagnostic tools besides medical history and examination are questionnaires, quantitative sensory testing (QST) and measuring intraepidermal nerve fiber density (IENFD) when indicated. A pharmacological approach with non-opioids and opioids as well as antidepressive and anticonvulsive drugs (according to the recommendations for the therapy of neuropathic pain) seems to be indicated for treating painful ischemic neuropathy. Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) provides the best evidence for invasive procedures in treating chronic ischemic pain.