Background: Solitary bone plasmacytoma (SBP) of the upper cervical spine is a rare diagnosis. The exact role of surgery for SBP remains unclear.

Methods: We present the first case of SBP of the C2. A 69-year-old Chinese woman presented with severe neck pain and limitation of rotative activity for 2 mo. She underwent anterior one-stage debridement combined with cement augmentation in the C2 to reconstruct stability of the spine. The patient did not receive postoperative radiotherapy. She now remains disease free with no neck pain or neurological deficit after follow-up of 3 years.

Conclusions: Anterior one-stage debridement combined with cement augmentation of the upper cervical spine may be an alternative treatment for SBP.