The most important rheumatologic manifestations associated with infection with human immunodeficiency virus are described. Among arthritides, Reiter's syndrome, psoriatic arthritis, and some forms of reactive arthritis are the most common. Arthralgias are also relatively frequent. Manifestations of polymyositis, vasculitis and sicca syndrome with a relatively broad spectrum of various autoimmune phenomena are also very important. The author emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary cooperation of internists, rheumatologists, infectionists and virologists in solving questions associated with laboratory and clinical aspects of the relationship between rheumatologic manifestations and infection with human immunodeficiency virus.