The primary objective of aneurysm repair is to prevent aneurysm rupture while avoiding aneurysm-related death. This manuscript reviews the primary and secondary outcome measures following endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) in relation to similar outcome measures for open surgical repair. Both EVAR and open repair are effective in preventing aneurysm rupture, although late ruptures can occur with either treatment method. The late risk of rupture following EVAR is less that 1% per year using current endovascular devices. Aneurysm-related death rate appears to be lower following EVAR compared to open surgery, primarily due to a lower perioperative mortality rate. Actuarial 5-year survival after both endovascular and open aneurysm repair is approximately 70%. Perioperative outcome measures favor EVAR over open repair for patients with suitable anatomy with reduced morbidity and more rapid patient recovery. Short and long-term outcomes following endovascular repair compare favorably to open repair. However, prospective studies are needed to better define the long-term outcomes using comparable endpoints.