Intercostal artery bleeding from trauma can result in potentially fatal massive hemothorax. Traumatic hemothorax has traditionally been treated with tube thoracostomy, video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery, or thoracotomy. Transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE), a well-established treatment option for a variety of acute hemorrhage is not widely practiced for the management of traumatic hemothorax. We present 2 cases of delayed massive hemothorax following chest trauma which were successfully managed by transarterial embolization of intercostal arteries. The published studies are reviewed and a systematic approach to the selection of patients for TAE versus emergency thoracotomy is proposed.