The incidence of scoliosis in cerebral palsy is related to the severity of the neurological involvement, being most prevalent in patients with spastic quadriplegia. Neuromuscular spinal deformity, when present, may progress after cessation of skeletal growth, and the success of orthotic treatment for scoliosis is unpredictable. Hip pathology is directly related to pelvic obliquity but has no causal relationship to the development of scoliosis. Adequate preoperative nutritional assessment is vital to reduce perioperative complications, and segmental spinal fixation is the instrumentation of choice. Anterior arthrodesis is indicated for rigid deformities and for those thoracolumbar and lumbar curves extending into the pelvis with pelvic obliquity and spinal decompensation.