The use of vasectomy varies hugely depending on the countries, even though it is one of the safest and simplest male contraceptive method. In France, its use recently increased. The purpose of this study was to report the characteristics, motivations, decision-making process and experience of French men undergoing vasectomy. This cross-sectional multicentric study was conducted in 17 French andrology laboratories in 2021-2022. All patients referred for post vasectomy semen analysis were proposed to participate in an online anonymous survey about vasectomy. A total of 541 men were included in the study (56% participation rate). Participants were 41 years old on average and were mostly engaged in a stable relationship. Most of respondents had at least one child and waited >5 years after last birth before vasectomy A total of 134 men (25%) reported a history of unintended pregnancy. Most heard about vasectomy from relatives or media, rarely from doctors or authorities. Although most participants reported concerns about side effects, 81% experienced no side effects in the end of the procedure. The strong support of a partner (76%) appears to be a significant factor in the acceptance of this contraceptive method. A minority of participants had undergone semen cryopreservation before vasectomy. This study contributes to the literature on male contraception, and highlights the history, motivations, experience, but also fears of men undergoing vasectomy.