BACKGROUND Bone cement dislodgement (BCD) is a recognized complication of percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) that may be more common after percutaneous kyphoplasty (PKP). This report describes a 71-year-old woman with cement dislodgement following PKP of an osteoporotic T12 vertebral fracture successfully treated with repeat vertebroplasty(VP) through the right pedicle. CASE REPORT A 71-year-old woman underwent PKP surgery for T12 vertebral fracture caused by a fall. The pain disappeared after surgery, but 2 weeks later, she felt obvious pain again without any cause. Computed tomography (CT) showed BCD in T12 vertebra. Repeat PVP surgery was performed through the right pedicle, then the pain disappeared again. Six months later, the VAS score was 1 and the ODI score was 6.4%. CONCLUSIONS BCD is a complication of PKP that can occur without trauma. CT can definitively establish the diagnosis. Repeat VP is an effective treatment option for managing this condition, even when only the unilateral pedicle is accessible.